元陽哈尼梯田、云海景觀壯麗,獨具特色,19萬畝神奇的梯田被贊譽為“世界奇觀,中華風度”的美譽,元陽哈尼梯田是哈尼族人世世代代留下的“大地雕塑”。開墾的梯田隨山勢地形變化,因地制宜,坡緩地大則開墾大田,坡陡地小則開墾小田,甚至溝邊坎下石隙也開田,因而梯田大者有數畝,小者僅有簸箕大,往往一坡就有成千上萬畝,遠遠望去,一層層梯田不停息地漫向四野,朝著天際跋涉。它的形象莽然巨大,占據天地,卻寧靜安詳,無聲無息,那磅礴大氣與細膩爽潔的點線相諧,精致到絕美。
哈尼梯田在上千年的開發、墾植中,構建了“森林─水系─梯田─村莊”四素同構的良性循環農業生態系統,呈現出“山間水溝如玉帶,層層梯田似天梯”的人間仙境,蘊含著人與自然的高度和諧,是哈尼族傳統人居環境和農耕文化的典范,是人類梯田文化的杰作和世界農耕史上的奇跡,被聯合國教科文組織譽為世界級的品牌。根據《實施世界遺產公約指南》第77段規定,在申報遺產的6條標準中,專家認定元陽哈尼梯田符合當中的4條申遺標準。2007年,中國國家林業局正式批準紅河哈尼梯田為國家濕地公園,成為云南省第一個國家級濕地公園。2010年,被世界糧農組織評為農業文化遺產保護單位。
除了梯田,元陽的茫茫云海也久負盛名,素有“云海之鄉”的美譽。在云海的點綴下,梯田更加神秘、飄逸和有神韻。元陽的云海氣勢磅礴,日出或日落的“霞海”最為壯觀,在陽光的照射下,云海中的云團、云層和云浪染上絢麗多姿的色彩,像錦緞、像胭脂,似海非海,非海似海,美不勝收。當云霧散盡,峽谷空曠,村寨布局其中,青山、梯田蘑菇房構成了一幅神奇而美妙的畫卷。
Brief introduction of Hani Rice Terraces Scenic Spots
Yuanyang Hani Rice Terraces and sea of clouds have their own distinctive features. The 190,000 mu amazing Hani Rice Terraces left by Hani ethnic minorities is called “sculpture in the earth” and “the Wonders of the World”,“elegant demeanor of China” as well.
The shape of plowed terraces changes with the landscapes of the mountain. The farmers reclaim big terraces in gradual land while small ones in steep land. The terraced fields reach more than thousands of layers in just one side of the mountain, the largest piece of which can be acres wide, and the smallest one is less than one meter. The terraces peacefully lay on the mountains, which forms a set of poetic picturesque picture scroll of nature beauty.
For thousands of years, the terraces have already formed a benign circulation of the ecological system comprised of four elements: “forest, water, village and terrace”, taking on a fairyland like scene on earth. “The irrigated canals and ditches among the mountains look like elegant jade belts; layers of terraces look like ladders to the heaven.” which implicates the harmony between man and nature. The terraces is the harmonious model of living environment and farming culture of Hani ethnic minority, as well as the masterpiece of the terraces culture and the miracle in the farming history of the world. The terraces, which shows us the harmonious model between human and nature, is authorized “World-class brand” by UNESCO. According to the “Guidance book of implement world heritage” paragraph 77, experts affirm Yuanyang Hani Rice Terraces is qualified for 4 of the 6 rules to be a member of the world heritage site. In 2007, State Forestry Bureau formally approved Yuanyang Hani Terraced Fields to be the first national wetland park of Yunnan province. In 2010, UN Food and Agricultural Organization approved it to be the Agricultural culture heritage sites
Except terraces, Yuanyang is famous for the sea of clouds as well. Yuanyang is reputed as “land of sea of clouds”. With the embellishing of the sea of clouds, terraces look more mysterious and graceful. In the moment of sunrise or sunset, the sea of clouds is considered as the most spectacular scene. In the sunshine, the sea of clouds becomes gorgeous, just likes elegant brocade and rouge. When the cloud scatters, the villages,mountain,terraces and the mushroom-shaped house emerge from the valley, taking on a poetic picturesque picture scroll.